Improvement in machines for drilling or boring rocks



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

T. B. JORDAN. Machine for Drilling or Boring Books. No. 201,017.Patented March 5, I878.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. B. JORDAN. Machine for Drilling or Boring RocksvNo. 201,017. Patented March 5, 1878.

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8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. B. JORDAN. Machine for Drilling or Boring Rocks.

No. 201,017. Patented March 5, I878.

J20 {Frown Jrdan l l iizz J-f ea: T 7 5 N. PETERS. PHDTO UTHOGRAFHER,WASHINGTON, D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS BROWN JORDAN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN MA CHINES FOR DRILLING OR BORING ROCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,017, dated March 5,1878 application filed December 28, 1877 patented in England, February2, 1877, for fourteen years.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS BROWN J on- DAN, of the firm of Thomas 13.Jordan, Son & Meih, engineers and contractors, of London, England, haveinvented an Improved Machine for Drilling or Boring Rocks and other hardsubstances, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to an improved machine for drilling or boring rocksand other hard substances.

The said machine comprises the employment of a pneumatic cylinder fittedwith a piston which is drawn toward the top of the cylinder by theaction of a revolving cam or cams fixed on a shaft, which may be rotatedby hand-power applied to a winch, or by gearing with any first mover.The said piston is packed by a cup-leather or otherwise, so that itbecomes a perfectly air-tight partition between the portions or volumesof air on each side of it when it is rising, but permits air to pass byit in its descending stroke to compensate for any small amount ofleakage which may occur. The said piston is fitted with a tubular rod,which works through a stuffingbox or leather collar in the top cover ofthe cylinder, or in both covers. If in the top cover only, I provideholes in the bottom cover or lower part of the cylinder to allow a freepassage for the air to the under side of the piston-that is to say, Iprefer this construction; but I do not confine myself to the same, as itis obvious that my invention may be carried into practice with a vacuumon the under side and a plenum on the upper side of the piston; or thevacuum only may be used with substantially the same result. When thesaid piston is drawn up by the action of the revolving cam the whole ofthe air above it will be compressed into the space between its topsideand the under side of the cylinder-cover;

and as this space may bear any determined proportion to the wholecontents of the stroke, it is obvious that the machine may be made towork under any required pressure, so as to utilize to the best advantagethe power at command.

The requisite turniu g of the drill is effected by the action of thesaid cam on the under side of a device termed the lifting-block;

and in combination with the said block and cam I use a peculiar devicefor feeding forward the drill or tool in the said machine, ashereinafter described.

In order that the construction and operation of my said invention may befully understood, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure1 is a side elevation of a machine intended for drilling vertical orslightly-inclined holes. Fig. 2 is a view looking in the direction ofthe arrow, Fig. 1, with the cylinder, piston, and its hollow rod shownin section. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, showing variousmodifications in the said machine. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on theline as at, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 shows portions of the said machine, andillustrates a modification in the form of the drill-bar and device forinsuring Y the turning of the same with the piston'rod.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.

a is the cylinder; 1), the piston; b, the tubular rod. 0 is the cam. dis the cam-shaft; e, the drill-bar; f, the lifting-block, which isscrewed on the top of the tubular piston-rod, and is so constructed asto hold the drill-bar in connection with it by the means hereinafterdescribed.

The said improvements, relating to the feed of the drill, are carriedinto practice by cutting a screw on the upper part of the drill-bar eand fitting on the latter a long nut, g, which is free to turn in thelifting-block f, but is kept in place endwise therein by the interiorcollars g, or by other suitable means. The said block is preferablyconstructed in two halves or parts, f f, secured together upon the nutby the external screwed sleeve f. The upper part of this nut 9 slideslongitudinally through a miter or bevel wheel, h, a distance equal tothe length of the drills stroke; but the said nut g is connected withthe wheel 71. by a groove and key or feather, so that the nut g cannotturn without turning the wheel h with it-that is to say, the said longnut g is capable of longitudinal motion independently of the wheel h,but is not capable of rotation or axial movement independently of thesaid wheel. The connection between the tubular pistonrod and thedrill-bar in such a manner as to permit the drill-bar to slide throughthe piston-rod, while insuring their turning together, is in the machineshown in Fig. 1 effected by means of a longitudinal groove, 6, in thedrillbar and a key or feather projection from the piston-rod into thesaid groove.

The miter-wheel h is geared with another miter-wheel, h, on a shortshaft or journal, 2', which is fitted to turn in a suitable bearing, 2',and is provided with a hand-wheel, j, arranged in combination with afriction device, whereby the said wheel may be held or released, asdesired. This device consists of a nut, Ir, fitted on a screw-thread onthe end of the shaft i, and which may be screwed tightly against theface of the wheel j, thereby causing sufficient friction to stop orretard the movement of the wheels and shaft j, h, and i but, instead ofthis nut h, I may use a friction-strap or other suitable contrivance.

When the machine is at work the liftingblock f and tool-bar e are turnedor revolved by the action of the cams c on the block, as abovedescribed. If the wheels h h are held or clamped by the said device It,the action of the cams on the block and through the medium of thepiston-rod will turn the screwed toolbar 0, so that it works through thenut and feeds forward the drill or tool; but if the said wheels and nutare not held or restrained by the said clamp or holding device 1:, therewill be nothing to prevent the turning of the nut with the bar e, andtherefore the feed movement will be more or less diminished. It willtherefore be seen that the rate of feed or advance of the tool may bereadily controlled by the said holding device or clamp, and can beregulated or adjusted to suit the quality or character of the rock orother substance being drilled or perforated. By means of the handwheel jthe feed may also be effected by hand when desired.

In the modification of this device illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, thelifting-block is mortised, as shown at l, to receive the clamping-framem. m m are two pieces of gun-metal or other suitable material, fitted tothe bar 0 on one side and made flat on the back or other side. m m aresteel plates, the back edges of which are on one side in contact withthe end of the said frame, and on the other side with a pressing-pieceadjustable by the screw 0.

It will be seen that from the position of these plates, when theliftingblock is struck upward by the aforesaid cam, there will be atendency to give them greater inclination, and to relax their hold orpinch on the bar e,- but when the block f is released, and the pressurein the cylinder brings down the piston to deliver its blow, the tendencyis to decrease the inclination of the plates and increase the tenacityof the hold or pinch of the said plates on the bar; hence I have a clampwhich is easily moved upward on the bar, but can only be moved downwardwith great difficulty, so that I get the whole force of the blow on therock without griping the bar so positively or rigidly as to prevent theself-adjustment of the feed according to the hardness of the rock. Topermit this adjustment to be obtained as nearly as possible by hand, Iuse the screw 0, by which any desired amount of constant friction can beput on the bar.

In Fig. 3, n n are the holes in the lower part of the cylinder 01, forpermitting the free access of air to the under side of the piston b.

In some instances I may form a small hole, or any desired number of suchholes, through the body of the piston and through the top cover of thecylinder, and fit these holes with valves acting in such a manner thatwhen the piston is depressed to the bottom of the said cylinder all theair will pass to the top or upper portion of the cylinder, which willthen, by the action of the said valves, be full of air; or I mayaccomplish this object by forming a portion of the piston-rod taper orconical, and fitting the piston b with a capability of sliding a shortdistance, so that in certain positions of the said piston there will bea space between the same and the rod on this taper or conical portion.The said piston is in this case provided with leather or other suitablepacking material on its upper side. This device forms a valve, andallows the air to pass from one side of the piston to the other side atthe proper times; but I prefer the construction above described, whereinthe cup-leather 1) serves the purpose of a valve, and allows the air topass up through a small space around the periphery of the piston bduring the down ward stroke of the latter, as above specified.

p is the leather collar in the top cover. q is a cushion of india-rubberor other like material at the bottom of the cylinder.

In some instances I dispense with this cushion. a a are holes to permitthe compressed air in the cylinder to have free access to the packing p,to assist in making it tight around the piston-rod.

In Fig. 5, I have shown a drill-bar which is hexagonal in transversesection, and whose connection with the tubular rod 1), in such a manneras to permit it to slide through the said rod while insiu-ing itsturning with it, is effected by a screw-nut, '1', which is madehexagonal in the part that fits the said bar, and which nut is screwedupon the end of the piston-rod, as shown.

The frame or stand shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is a very convenient one forsupporting the aforesaid machine and permitting its adjustment intovarious positions; but I may use any other suitable frame or stand. 8 isa weight, which is hung upon any convenient part of the frame or standfor steadying the machine when in operation.

What I claim is- 1. In a rock-drilling machine, a hollow piston-rod, I),driven forward by compressed air, combined with the drill-rod e, thecylinder at, a lifting-block carried by said hollow pistonrod, and along nut, g, carried by said liftingblock, and having a rotary movementindependent thereof, for operatic h substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination, in a drilling-machine, of the air-compressingcylinder a, the piston 11, its tubular rod 11 and screw-threadeddrillbar e with the lifting device a f, the feed device g h h, and thestopping or retarding device i j is, all constructed for operationsubstantially as herein set forth.

3. In a' rock-drilling machine, the liftingblock f of the tubularpiston-rod b, united to the long nut g by means of theannular collars g,for the purpose stated.

4. The combination, in a rock-drilling machine, of the air-compressingcylinder a and the opposite piston tubular extensions b with the tubularlifting-block f, carried by one of said piston tubular extensions, and adrillcarrying rod having a longitudinal feed movement within and throughsaid piston tubular extensions and the tubular lifting-block,substantially as herein specified.

5. The holes a in the upper end of the aircompressing cylinder at, incombination with the packing p, to assist in packing the tubularpiston-rod, as specified.

6. The cup-packing b on the upper side of the piston, in combinationwith the air-compressing cylinder a and said piston, whereby the air isallowed to pass up around the periphery of said piston during itsdownward stroke, and to close said space during the ascent of thepiston, as specified.

7. The liftingblock f, constructed of the parts f f and combined withthe long nut g, and the external screwed securing-sleeve f, as setforth.

THOS. B. JORDAN.

Witnesses:

LEWIS SANDERSON, JOHN DEAN.

